Key antibody for the detection of K63-linked polyubiquitinylated proteins.
Modification of proteins by addition of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains is implicated in a variety of cellular events, including DNA repair, signal transduction and receptor endocytosis.
A monoclonal antibody (mAb) has been generated that specifically recognizes K63-linked polyubiquitin chains, but not any other isopeptide-linked (K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, or K48) polyubiquitin chain or monoubiquitin. The specificity of this K63-linked ubiquitinspecific monoclonal antibody was demonstrated using synthetic ubiquitin chains, single isopeptide-linked polyubiquitin chains, and with endogenously ubiquitinylated species in both cell lysates and intact cells.
The hybridoma secreting the antibody [clone HWA4C4] was generated by fusion of splenocytes from Balb/c mice which had received repeated immunisation with a synthetic peptide encompassing the ubiquitin K63-isopeptide motif. Immunoglobulin was purified from tissue culture supernatant by ion exchange chromatography.
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Figure 3: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of hippocampus from human Alzheimer’s disease brain stained with MAb to Polyubiquitin (K63-linkage-specific) (HWA4C4) at 1:100 dilution with biotinylated secondary antibody and DAB detection.

Figure 2: Western blot of HeLa S100 Fraction (BML-SW8750, 5µg) probed with MAb to Polyubiquitin (K63-linkage-specific) (HWA4C4) (BML-PW0600) (Lane A) and MAb to Polyubiquitinylated Conjugates (FK1) (BML-PW8805) (Lane B) at 1:1’000 dilution.

Figure 1: Western blot of single isopeptide-linkage polyubiquitinylated conjugates K6 (BML-UW0615), K11 (BML-UW0620), K27 (BML-UW0625), K29 (BML-UW0630), K33 (BML-UW0635), K48 (BML-UW0640), K63 (BML-UW0645),1µg each, using MAb to Polyubiquitinylated Conjugates (FK1) (BML-PW8805) and MAb to Polyubiquitin (K63-linkage-specific) (HWA4C4) (BML-PW0600) at 1:1’000 dilution.



Product Details
Application |
ELISA, ICC, IHC, WB |
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Clone |
HWA4C4 |
Crossreactivity |
Does not cross-react with any other isopeptide-linked (K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, or K48) polyubiquitinylated species. |
Formulation |
Liquid. In PBS containing 0.09% sodium azide. |
Host |
Mouse |
Immunogen |
Synthetic peptide containing the ubiquitin K63-isopeptide motif. |
Isotype |
IgG2a |
Recommendation Dilutions/Conditions |
Immunocytochemistry (1:100)Immunohistochemistry (1:100)Western Blot (1:500 – 1:1,000)Specificity for K63 of mAb to Polyubiquitin (K63-linkage-specific) (HWA4C4) is temperature sensitive. Western blot membranes must not be autoclaved. Excessive heat should be avoided in all applications. K63-linked polyubiquitin modified proteins comprise only a proportion of total cellular polyubiquitinylated species. Increased sample loading may therefore be required for analysis by Western blot. Do not use milk as blocking solution. Use 1% BSA in an appropriate buffer instead.Suggested dilutions/conditions may not be available for all applications.Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application. |
Source |
Purified from hybridoma tissue culture supernatant. |
Species Reactivity |
Species independent |
Specificity |
Recognizes K63-linked polyubiquitin in wide range of species. |
UniProt ID |
P0CG47 (UBB), P0CG48 (UBC) |
Worry-free Guarantee |
This antibody is covered by our Worry-Free Guarantee. |
Handling & Storage
Handling |
Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. |
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Long Term Storage |
-20°C |
Shipping |
Blue Ice |
Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
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- Targeted disruption of linkage-specific ubiquitylation reveals a key role of K29-linked ubiquitylation in epigenome integrity: Arroyo-Gomez, J., Wang, J., et al.; bioRxiv , (2024)
- Stress granule homeostasis is modulated by TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination of G3BP1 and autophagy-dependent elimination of stress granules: Yang, C., Wang, Z., et al.; Autophagy 19, 1934 (2023), Abstract
- NLRX1 ligand, docosahexaenoic acid, ameliorates LPS-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia by decreasing TRAF6/IKK/IkB-a/NF-kB signaling pathway activity: Yilmaz, D. E., Senol, S. P., et al.; Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand) 69, 15 (2023), Abstract
- Efficacy of IAPP suppression in mouse and human islets by GLP-1 analogue conjugated antisense oligonucleotide: Gurlo, T., Prakash, T. P., et al.; Front. Mol. Biosci. 10, 1096286 (2023), Abstract
- Legionella longbeachae Regulates the Association of Polyubiquitinated Proteins on Bacterial Phagosome with Multiple Deubiquitinases: Y. Shi, et al.; Microbial. Spectr. 11, 4179 (2023), Abstract
- Differential Ubiquitination as an Effective Strategy Employed by the Blood-Brain Barrier for Prevention of Bacterial Transcytosis: Bhutda, S., Ghosh, S., et al.; J. Bacteriol. 204, e0045621 (2022), Abstract
- K27-linked ubiquitylation promotes p97 substrate processing and is essential for cell proliferation.: Shearer, R. F., Typas, D., et al.; EMBO J. 41, e110145 (2022), Reactant(s): Human, Abstract
- MLN4924 Inhibits Defective Ribosomal Product Antigen Presentation Independently of Direct NEDDylation of Protein Antigens: K. Vijayasimha, et al.; J. Immunol. 208, 2273 (2022), Abstract
- The SUMOylation of TAB2 mediated by TRIM60 inhibits MAPK/NF-κB activation and the innate immune response: Gu, Z., Chen, X., et al.; Cell. Mol. Immunol. 18, 1981 (2021), Abstract
- Differential ubiquitination as an effective strategy employed by Blood-Brain Barrier for prevention of bacterial transcytosis: Ghosh, S., Banerjee, A., et al.; bioRxiv , (2021), Reactant(s): Human
- N4BP1 negatively regulates NF-κB by binding and inhibiting NEMO oligomerization: H. Shi, et al.; Nat. Commun. 12, 1379 (2021), Abstract
- Linear Polyubiquitin Chain Modification of TDP-43-Positive Neuronal Cytoplasmic Inclusions in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.: Ito, H., Tokunaga, F., et al.; J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 79, 256 (2020), Reactant(s): Human, Abstract
- Inhibition of USP9X Downregulates JAK2-V617F and Induces Apoptosis Synergistically with BH3 Mimetics Preferentially in Ruxolitinib-Persistent JAK2-V617F-Positive Leukemic Cells.: Akiyama, H., Umezawa, Y., et al.; Cancers (Basel) 12, (2020), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- TRAF6 function as a novel co-regulator of Wnt3a target genes in prostate cancer: Aripaka, K., Gudey, S. K., et al.; EBioMedicine 45, 192 (2019), Abstract
- CYLD dysregulation in pathogenesis of sporadic inclusion body myositis.: Yamashita, S., Matsuo, Y., et al.; Sci. Rep. 9, 11606 (2019), Application(s): IHC, Abstract
- Connexin-43 K63-polyubiquitylation on lysines 264 and 303 regulates gap junction internalization: Kells-Andrews, R. M., Margraf, R. A., et al.; J. Cell Sci. 131, (2018), Abstract
- BLM Potentiates c-Jun Degradation and Alters Its Function as an Oncogenic Transcription Factor: R. Priyadarshini, et al.; Cell Rep. 24, 947 (2018), Abstract
- ZUFSP Deubiquitylates K63-Linked Polyubiquitin Chains to Promote Genome Stability: P. Haahr, et al.; Mol. Cell 70, 165 (2018), Application(s): WB / Reactant(s) Human, Abstract
- The E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino2 mediates priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome: F. Humphries, et al.; Nat. Commun. 9, 1560 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- Salmonella escapes antigen presentation through K63 ubiquitination mediated endosomal proteolysis of MHC II via modulation of endosomal acidification in dendritic cells: M. Gogoi, et al.; Pathog. Dis. 76, ftx1258 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- Embryonic lethality in mice lacking Trim59 due to impaired gastrulation development: X. Su, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 9, 302 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- TGF-β promotes PI3K-AKT signaling and prostate cancer cell migration through the TRAF6-mediated ubiquitylation of p85α: Hamidi, A., Song, J., et al.; Sci. Signal. 10, (2017), Abstract
- Different Polyubiquitinated Bodies in Human Dendritic Cells: IL-4 Causes PaCS During Differentiation while LPS or IFNα Induces DALIS During Maturation: Montagna, D., Sommi, P., et al.; Sci. Rep. 7, 1844 (2017), Abstract
- Natural history of Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin in human gastric epithelium in vivo: vacuoles and beyond: Necchi, V., Sommi, P., et al.; Sci. Rep. 7, 14526 (2017), Abstract
- A microchip platform for structural oncology applications: C.E. Winton, et al.; NPJ Breast Cancer 2, 16016 (2016), Application(s): IP / Reactant(s) Human, Abstract — Full Text
- Formaldehyde Is a Potent Proteotoxic Stressor Causing Rapid Heat Shock Transcription Factor 1 Activation and Lys48-Linked Polyubiquitination of Proteins: S. Ortega-Atienza, et al.; Am. J. Pathol. 186, 2857 (2016), Application(s): ICC-IF / Reactant(s) Human, Abstract — Full Text
- A Molecular Toolkit to Visualize Native Protein Assemblies in the Context of Human Disease.: Gilmore, B. L., Sheng, Z., et al.; Sci. Rep. 5, 14440 (2015), Application(s): WB / Reactant(s): Human, Abstract
- TRAF6-Mediated SM22α K21 Ubiquitination Promotes G6PD Activation and NADPH Production, Contributing to GSH Homeostasis and VSMC Survival In Vitro and In Vivo: Dong, L. H., Li, L., et al.; Circ. Res. 117, 684 (2015), Abstract
- CYLD and the NEMO zinc finger regulate tumor necrosis factor signaling and early embryogenesis: Y. Zhao, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 290, 22076 (2015), Application(s): Western blot , Abstract — Full Text
- Cytosolic PTEN-INDUCED PUTATIVE KINASE 1 is Stabilized By NF-κB Pathway and Promotes Non-Selective Mitophagy: G.G. Lim, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 290, 16882 (2015), Abstract — Full Text
- Mutation of the highly conserved Ser-40 of the HIV-1 p6 gag protein to Phe causes the formation of a hydrophobic patch, enhances membrane association, and polyubiquitination of Gag: Hahn, F., Setz, C., et al.; Viruses 6, 3738 (2014), Abstract
- STAT3 restrains RANK- and TLR4-mediated signalling by suppressing expression of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc13: Zhang, H., Hu, H., et al.; Nat. Commun. 5, 5798 (2014), Abstract
- UCHL1 deficiency exacerbates human islet amyloid polypeptide toxicity in β-cells: evidence of interplay between the ubiquitin/proteasome system and autophagy.: Costes, S., Gurlo, T., et al.; Autophagy 10, 1004 (2014), Reactant(s): Mouse, Abstract
- The role of spartin and its novel ubiquitin binding region in DALIS occurrence.: Karlsson, A. B., Washington, J., et al.; Mol. Biol. Cell 25, 1355 (2014), Application(s): IF / Reactant(s): Mouse, Abstract
- Pellino3 ubiquitinates RIP2 and mediates Nod2-induced signaling and protective effects in colitis: Yang, S., Wang, B., et al.; Nat. Immunol. 14, 927 (2013), Abstract
- Pale body-like inclusion formation and neurodegeneration following depletion of 26S proteasomes in mouse brain neurones are independent of α-synuclein: S.M. Paine, et al.; PLoS One 8, e54711 (2013), Application(s): Immunohistochemistry of mouse tissue, Abstract — Full Text
- Ubiquitin-dependent recruitment of the Bloom syndrome helicase upon replication stress is required to suppress homologous recombination: Tikoo, S., Madhavan, V., et al.; EMBO J. 32, 1778 (2013), Abstract
- Using antiubiquitin antibodies to probe the ubiquitination state within rhTRIM5α cytoplasmic bodies: Danielson, C. M., Hope, T. J., et al.; AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 29, 1373 (2013), Abstract
- Hectd1 regulates intracellular localization and secretion of Hsp90 to control cellular behavior of the cranial mesenchyme: Sarkar, A. A., Zohn, I. E., et al.; J. Cell Biol. 196, 789 (2012), Abstract
- pVHL Mediates K63-Linked Ubiquitination of nCLU: J. Xue, et al.; PLoS One 7, e35848 (2012), Abstract — Full Text
- The innate immune sensor NLRC3 attenuates Toll-like receptor signaling via modification of the signaling adaptor TRAF6 and transcription factor NF-κB.: Koller, B. H., Zhang, L., et al.; Nat. Immunol. 13, 823 (2012), Application(s): WB / Reactant(s): Mouse, Abstract
- Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 mitigates Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor signaling and regulates innate immune activation: Zhou, F., Zhang, X., et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 287, 11002 (2012), Abstract
- K33-linked polyubiquitination of T cell receptor-zeta regulates proteolysis-independent T cell signaling: H. Huang, et al.; Immunity 33, 60 (2010), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Characterizing the connectivity of poly-ubiquitin chains by selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry: Mirzaei, H., Rogers, R. S., et al.; Mol. Biosyst. 6, 2004 (2010), Abstract
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