Tranylcypromine . hemisulfate

Tranylcypromine . hemisulfate is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), primarily used in research related to neuropsychiatric disorders. It is also a potent inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A), with an IC₅₀ < 2 μM.

Key features and applications include:

• Dual Enzyme Inhibition: Irreversibly inhibits LSD1 (a histone demethylase) and MAO-A/B, impacting both epigenetic regulation and neurotransmitter metabolism.
• Epigenetic Modulation: Modulates gene expression by inhibiting LSD1, altering histone methylation patterns critical for chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation.
• Stem Cell Research: Maintains pluripotency, enhance chemical reprogramming efficiency, and direct differentiation – particularly into insulin-producing β-cells – making it valuable for regenerative medicine and disease modeling.
• Neurobiology & Behavior: As a non-selective MAOI, tranylcypromine hemisulfate is used to study monoaminergic signaling pathways involved in mood regulation, cognition, and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Research Applications:

• Epigenetic and transcriptional regulation studies
• Neural progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation
• Cancer biology, particularly in studies involving histone modification and gene expression regulation
• Stem cell reprogramming and differentiation protocols

Relevant disease states include:

• Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Particularly effective in treatment-resistant or atypical depression, where other antidepressants have failed.
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): LSD1 is critical for maintaining the undifferentiated state of leukemic cells. Inhibition by tranylcypromine promotes differentiation and reduces proliferation.
• Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): LSD1 inhibition has shown promise in preclinical models of SCLC, where it affects neuroendocrine differentiation and tumor growth.
• Prostate and Breast Cancer: LSD1 is implicated in hormone receptor signaling and epigenetic regulation in these cancers.
• Neurodegenerative Disorders: Due to its MAOI activity, tranylcypromine is also being explored in models of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, where monoamine regulation is disrupted.