Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs or cGKs) are classified into two types, PKGI and PKGII. Studies have shown that PKGs are highly homologous to PKAs; phosphorylation of cellular proteins by both families of kinases leads to alterations in calcium mobilization, protein phosphatase activity, ion channel function, gene transcription, smooth muscle contractility, and platelet aggregation.
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Western blot analysis: Lane 1: MW marker, Lane 2: Mouse Brain Tissue Extract, Lane 3: Rat Brain Tissue Extract, Lane 4: EKS4 Cell Lysate; Lane 5: HS67 Cell Lysate probed with PKG pAb.

The effect of diabetes mellitus and cinaciguat on myocardial NO-sGC-cGMP-PKG signalling. a Relative protein expression and representative immunoblot bands of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), soluble guanylate cyclase β1 (sGC β1), phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE-5) (P value of diabetes × treatment interaction in the two-factorial ANOVA, Pinteraction = 0.024), protein kinase G (PKG), vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) to phospho-VASP (p-VASP) ratio (Pinteraction = 0.003). b Relative gene expression of eNOS (Pinteraction = 0.039). Groups: vehicle-treated control (Co), cinaciguat-treated control (CoCin), vehicle-treated diabetic (DiabCo) and cinaciguat-treated diabetic (DiabCin). Bar graphs represent mean ± SEM of 5–6 experiments per group.*P < 0.05 vs. Co, †P < 0.05 vs. DiabCo (Tukey HSD test)
Image collected and cropped by CiteAb under a CC-BY license from the following publication: The soluble guanylate cyclase activator cinaciguat prevents cardiac dysfunction in a rat model of type-1 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol (2015)



Product Details
Alternative Name |
Protein kinase G |
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Application |
IHC (PS), WB |
Application Notes |
Detects a band of ~75kDa by Western blot. |
Formulation |
Liquid. In PBS, pH 7.2, containing 50% glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide. |
GenBank ID |
D45864 |
Host |
Rabbit |
Immunogen |
Synthetic peptide corresponding to a portion of human PKG. |
Purity Detail |
Protein A affinity purified. |
Recommendation Dilutions/Conditions |
Western Blot (1:1,000, colorimetric)Suggested dilutions/conditions may not be available for all applications.Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application. |
Source |
Purified from rabbit serum. |
Species Reactivity |
Human, Mouse, Porcine, Rat |
UniProt ID |
Q13976 |
Worry-free Guarantee |
This antibody is covered by our Worry-Free Guarantee. |
Handling & Storage
Long Term Storage |
-20°C |
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Shipping |
Blue Ice |
Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
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- Salt-sensitive hypertension in GR mutant rats is associated with altered plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and aortic vascular reactivity.: Verouti, S., Aeschlimann, G., et al.; Pflugers Arch. 477, 37 (2025), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- Fetal sex and the relative reactivity of human umbilical vein and arteries are key determinants in potential beneficial effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors.: Peyter, A. C., Beaumann, M., et al.; J. Appl. Physiol. 136, 1526 (2024), Application(s): WB / Reactant(s): Human, Abstract
- SUMOylation Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Levels and Acts as a Protective Mechanism in the Type 2 Model of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Mandel, N., Büttner, M., et al.; Cells 12, (2023), Abstract
- Intrapulmonary arterial contraction assay reveals region-specific deregulation of vasoreactivity to lung injuries: Bai, Y., Li, G., et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 325, L114 (2023), Abstract
- Exercise training rescues impaired H2O2-mediated vasodilation in porcine collateral-dependent coronary arterioles through enhanced K+ channel activation: Johnson, K. A., Jeffery, E., et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 324, H637 (2023), Abstract
- LC-MS/MS Validation and Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Algal Food Supplements from the Belgium Market and Their Molecular Origins: F.A. Beñaldo, et al.; Front. Physiol. 13, 864010 (2022), Application(s): WB / Reactant(s) Llama, Abstract
- Cardiac natriuretic peptide deficiency sensitizes the heart to stress-induced ventricular arrhythmias via impaired CREB signalling.: Hall, E. J., Pal, S., et al.; Cardiovasc. Res. 118, 2124 (2022), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- Hydrogen peroxide signaling via its transformation to a stereospecific alkyl hydroperoxide that escapes reductive inactivation: R.F. Queiroz, et al.; Nat. Commun. 12, 6626 (2021), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- Ca2+ signals critical for egress and gametogenesis in malaria parasites depend on a multipass membrane protein that interacts with PKG: A.C. Balestra, et al.; Sci. Adv. 7, 5396 (2021), Abstract — Full Text
- Alteration of the soluble guanylate cyclase system in coronary arteries of high cholesterol diet-fed rabbits: M. Tawa, et al.; Pharmacol. Res. Perspect. 9, e00838 (2021), Reactant(s) Rabbit, Abstract
- Implications of Iron Deficiency in STEMI Patients and in a Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction: J. Inserte, et al.; JACC Basic Transl. Sci. 6, 567 (2021), Abstract
- Detecting Validated Intracellular ROS Generation with 18F-dihydroethidine-Based PET: E.C.T. Waters, et al.; Mol. Imaging Biol. , (2021), Abstract
- Aortic disease in Marfan syndrome is caused by overactivation of sGC-PRKG signaling by NO.: Redondo, J. M., Vázquez, J., et al.; Nat. Commun. 12, 2628 (2021), Application(s): IHC, WB / Reactant(s): Mouse, Abstract
- Comparison of the Reverse-Remodeling Effect of Pharmacological Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activation With Pressure Unloading in Pathological Myocardial Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.: Ruppert, M., Korkmaz-Icöz, S., et al.; Front. Physiol. 9, 1869 (2019), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition improves contractile function and restores transverse tubule loss and catecholamine responsiveness in heart failure.: Lawless, M., Unwin, R. D., et al.; Sci. Rep. 9, 6801 (2019), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- cGMP-dependent protein kinase I in vascular smooth muscle cells improves ischemic stroke outcome in mice.: Feil, R., Huang, P. L., et al.; J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 39, 2379 (2019), Application(s): IHC / Reactant(s): Mouse, Abstract
- A Step and a Ceiling”: mechanical properties of Ca2+ spark vasoregulation in resistance arteries by pressure-induced oxidative activation of PKG”””: V. Csato, et al.; Physiol. Rep. 7, e14260 (2019), Abstract — Full Text
- Singlet molecular oxygen regulates vascular tone and blood pressure in inflammation: C.P. Stanley, et al.; Nature 566, 548 (2019), Abstract
- TNF-α elicits phenotypic and functional alterations of vascular smooth muscle cells by miR-155-5p-dependent down-regulation of cGMP-dependent kinase 1: Choi, S., Park, M., et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 293, 14812 (2018), Abstract
- LRP1 (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1) Regulates Smooth Muscle Contractility by Modulating Ca2+ Signaling and Expression of Cytoskeleton-Related Proteins.: Au, D. T., Ying, Z., et al.; Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 38, 2651 (2018), Application(s): WB / Reactant(s): Mouse, Abstract
- PDE5 inhibition improves symptom-free survival and restores transverse tubule loss and catecholamine responsiveness in heart failure: Lawless, M., Caldwell, J. L., et al.; bioRxiv , (2018)
- The augmentation of BK channel activity by nitric oxide signaling in rat cerebral arteries involves co-localized regulatory elements: B.D. Kyle, et al.; J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 37, 3759 (2017), Abstract — Full Text
- Type 5 phosphodiesterase regulates glioblastoma multiforme aggressiveness and clinical outcome: V. Cesarini, et al.; Oncotarget 8, 13223 (2017), Application(s): Immunohistochemistry, Abstract — Full Text
- Proof of Principle for a Novel Class of Antihypertensives That Target the Oxidative Activation of PKG Iα (Protein Kinase G Iα).: Eaton, P., Burgoyne, J. R., et al.; Hypertension 70, 577 (2017), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- Age related differences in responsiveness to sildenafil and tamsulosin are due to myogenic smooth muscle tone in the human prostate: S.N. Lee, et al.; Sci. Rep. 7, 10150 (2017), Application(s): Immunohistochemistry / Reactant(s): Human, Abstract — Full Text
- Oxidant sensor in the cGMP-binding pocket of PKGIα regulates nitroxyl-mediated kinase activity: S. Donzelli, et al.; Sci. Rep. 7, 9938 (2017), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Examining a role for PKG Iα oxidation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular dysfunction during diet-induced obesity: O. Rudyk, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 110, 390 (2017), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Renal Integrin-Linked Kinase Depletion Induces Kidney cGMP-Axis Upregulation: Consequences on Basal and Acutely Damaged Renal Function: Cano-Peñalver, J. L., Griera, M., et al.; Mol. Med. 21, 873 (2016), Abstract
- Disulfide-activated protein kinase G Iα regulates cardiac diastolic relaxation and fine-tunes the Frank-Starling response: J. Scotcher, et al.; Nat. Commun. 7, 13187 (2016), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition limits doxorubicin-induced heart failure by attenuating protein kinase G Iα oxidation: O. Prysyazhna, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 291, 17427 (2016), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- cCMP causes caspase-dependent apoptosis in mouse lymphoma cell lines: S. Wolter, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 98, 119 (2015), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract
- Crystal Structures of the Carboxyl cGMP Binding Domain of the Plasmodium falciparum cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase Reveal a Novel Capping Triad Crucial for Merozoite Egress: J.J. Kim, et al.; PLoS Pathog. 11, e1004639 (2015), Application(s): Western Blotting, Abstract — Full Text
- The soluble guanylate cyclase activator cinaciguat prevents cardiac dysfunction in a rat model of type-1 diabetes mellitus: C. Mátyás, et al.; Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 14, 145 (2015), Application(s): Immunoblot analysis, Abstract — Full Text
- Protein kinase G Iα oxidation paradoxically underlies blood pressure lowering by the reductant hydrogen sulfide: Stubbert, D., Prysyazhna, O., et al.; Hypertension 64, 1344 (2014), Abstract
- Proprotein convertases play an important role in regulating PKGI endoproteolytic cleavage and nuclear transport: S. Kato, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 305, L130 (2013), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Protein kinase G oxidation is a major cause of injury during sepsis: O. Rudyk, et al.; PNAS 110, 9909 (2013), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Nitroglycerin fails to lower blood pressure in redox-dead Cys42Ser PKG1α knock-in mouse: O. Rudyk, et al.; Circulation 126, 287 (2012), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract — Full Text
- Hydrogen peroxide enhances vasodilatation by increasing dimerization of cGMP-dependent protein kinase type Iα: D. Dou, et al.; Circ. J. 76, 1792 (2012), Application(s): Western blot, Abstract
- cGMP-dependent protein kinase I beta physically and functionally interacts with the transcriptional regulator TFII-I: R.B. Pilz, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 32003 (2002), Application(s): IP (M), ICC (H) using mouse samples, Abstract
- Role of myosin phosphatase isoforms in cGMP-mediated smooth muscle relaxation: S.A. Fisher, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 276, 37250 (2001), Application(s): IP, WB using rat samples, Abstract
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Species Reactivity | Rabbit |
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