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TLR4 activator
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Product Details
| Activity |
Strong activator of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice. No further re-extraction required.Smooth (S)-form LPS are commonly the preferred choice for whole animal studies, whereas Rough (R)-form LPS are primarily used in cellular in vitro activation studies. |
|---|---|
| Alternative Name |
Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli, Serotype J5 (Rc) |
| Couple Target |
TLR, TLR4 |
| Couple Type |
Activator, Ligand |
| Formulation |
Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
| Purity |
Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity. |
| Source |
Rough (R)-form LPS isolated and purified from E. coli J5 (Rc mutant) by a modification of the PCP extraction method, converted to the uniform sodium salt form and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
Handling & Storage
| Use/Stability |
As indicated on product label or CoA when stored as recommended. Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C. |
|---|---|
| Handling |
Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask when handling this product! Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. LPS compounds are highly pyrogenic. Avoid accidental injection; extreme care should be taken when handling in conjunction with hypodermic syringes. Use must be restricted to qualified personnel. |
| Long Term Storage |
+4°C |
| Shipping |
Ambient Temperature |
| Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
|---|
- Cardiolipin Inhibits the Noncanonical Inflammasome by Preventing LPS Binding to Caspase 4/11 to Mitigate Endotoxemia in Vivo: Pizzuto, M., Monteleone, M., et al.; bioRxiv , (2024)
- A new antibiotic traps lipopolysaccharide in its intermembrane transporter: K.S. Pahil, et al.; Nature 625, 572 (2024), Abstract
- Immunity against Moraxella catarrhalis requires guanylate-binding proteins and caspase-11-NLRP3 inflammasomes: D.E. Tuipulotu, et al.; EMBO J. 42, e112558 (2023), Abstract
- Clostridium perfringens virulence factors are nonredundant activators of the NLRP3 inflammasome: Mathur, A., Kay, C., et al.; EMBO Rep. 24, e54600 (2023), Abstract
- Reconstituted dry powder formulations of ZnO-adjuvanted ovalbumin induce equivalent antigen specific antibodies but lower T cell responses than ovalbumin adjuvanted with Alhydrogel® or cationic adjuvant formulation 01 (CAF®01): M. Hellfritzsch, et al.; Int. J. Pharm. 648, 123581 (2023), Abstract
- Pathogen-selective killing by guanylate-binding proteins as a molecular mechanism leading to inflammasome signaling: S. Feng, et al.; Nat. Commun. 13, 4395 (2022), Abstract
- MK2 Inhibitors as a Potential Crohn’s Disease Treatment Approach for Regulating MMP Expression, Cleavage of Checkpoint Molecules and T Cell Activity: E.J. Lebish, et al.; Pharmaceuticals 15, 1508 (2022), Abstract
- Lipopolysaccharide, Identified Using an Antibody and by PAS Staining, Is Associated With Corpora amylacea and White Matter Injury in Alzheimer’s Disease and Aging Brain: Zhan, X., Hakoupian, M., et al.; Front. Aging Neurosci. 13, 705594 (2021), Abstract
- Bacillus cereus non-haemolytic enterotoxin activates the NLRP3 inflammasome: D. Fox, et al.; Nat. Commun. 11, 760 (2020), Abstract — Full Text
- A multicomponent toxin from Bacillus cereus incites inflammation and shapes host outcome via the NLRP3 inflammasome: Mathur, A., Feng, S., et al.; Nat. Microbiol. 4, 362 (2019), Abstract
- The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of melatonin on LPS-stimulated bovine mammary epithelial cells: G.M. Yu, et al.; PLoS One 12, e0178525 (2017), Abstract — Full Text
- The Effect of Solar Irradiated Vibrio cholerae on the Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines by the JAWS II Dendritic Cell Line In Vitro: C.C. Ssemakalu, et al.; PLoS One 10, e0130190 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract — Full Text
- CD14 and TRIF govern distinct responsiveness and responses in mouse microglial TLR4 challenges by structural variants of LPS: T. Regen, et al.; Brain Behav. Immun. 25, 957 (2011), Abstract
- R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells: M. Huber, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 36, 701 (2006), Abstract
- Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry 9, 11 (1993), Abstract
- Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Eur. J. Biochem. 54, 603 (1975), Abstract
- A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 9, 245 (1969), Abstract
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