EIF-2α, also known as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α, promotes the binding of the initiator tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunits and controls translational rates via phosphorylation/dephosphorylation mechanisms. The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase (PKR) provides an important control in the regulation of protein synthesis initiation through the phosphorylation of eIF-2α. Phosphorylated eIF-2α inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis. Phosphorylation of eIF-2α occurs under a variety of conditions including viral infection, apoptosis, nutrient deprivation, heme-deprivation, and certain stresses. EIF-2 exists as a heterotrimeric protein composed of 3 nonidentical subunits, alpha (36 kDa), beta (38 kDa), and gamma (52 kDa).
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Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
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