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Product Details
| Alternative Name |
Tumor necrosis factor-α, TNFSF 2 |
|---|---|
| Application Notes |
ELISA: binds to TNF-R2 at 0.1-10 ng. |
| Concentration |
1mg/ml after reconstitution. |
| Endotoxin Content |
<0.1EU/µg purified protein (LAL test; Associates of Cape Cod). |
| Formulation |
Lyophilized. Contains PBS. |
| MW |
~19kDa (SDS-PAGE). |
| Purity |
≥95% (SDS-PAGE) |
| Reconstitution |
Reconstitute with 50µl sterile water. Further dilutions should be made with medium containing 5% fetal calf serum. |
| Source |
Produced in E. coli. The extracellular domain of human TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) (aa 85-223) is fused at the N-terminus to a linker peptide (8 aa) and a FLAG®-tag. |
| Specificity |
Binds to human and mouse TNF-R1 and less efficiently to TNF-R2. In the presence of cross-linking enhancer (Prod. No. ALX-804-034), TNF-α shows a significantly higher affinity for TNF-R2 than for TNF-R1, mimicking the characteristics of membrane-bound TNF-α. |
| Technical Info / Product Notes |
Historical lots have demonstrated biological activity in a concentration range of 0.1-1ng/ml (WEHI 164 cells), and an ED50 of 0.1ng/ml (WEHI 164 cells). FLAG is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. |
| UniProt ID |
P01375 |
Handling & Storage
| Use/Stability |
Stable for at least 6 months after receipt when stored at -20°C. |
|---|---|
| Handling |
Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. |
| Long Term Storage |
-20°C |
| Shipping |
Blue Ice |
| Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
|---|
- A RIPK1-specific PROTAC degrader achieves potent antitumor activity by enhancing immunogenic cell death: Mannion, J., Gifford, V., et al.; Immunity 57, 1514 (2024), Abstract
- Discovery of a Non-competitive TNFR1 Antagonist Affibody with Picomolar Monovalent Potency That Does Not Affect TNFR2 Function: N. Vunnam, et al.; Mol. Pharm. 20, 1884 (2023), Abstract
- Resveratrol has its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protective mechanisms decreased in aging: M.A. Santos, et al.; Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 107, 104895 (2023), Abstract
- SMYD2 targets RIPK1 and restricts TNF-induced apoptosis and necroptosis to support colon tumor growth: Y.Q. Yu, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 13, 52 (2022), Abstract
- Regulation of CYLD activity and specificity by phosphorylation and ubiquitin-binding CAP-Gly domains: P.R. Elliott, et al.; Cell Rep. 37, 109777 (2021), Abstract
- The ubiquitin ligase HOIL-1L regulates immune responses by interacting with linear ubiquitin chains: C.G. Diaz, et al.; iScience 24, 103241 (2021), Abstract
- RIPK1 activation mediates neuroinflammation and disease progression in multiple sclerosis: Zelic, M., Pontarelli, F., et al.; Cell Rep. 35, 109112 (2021), Abstract
- Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Coronavirus Spike: ACE2 Protein-Protein Interaction as Blockers of Viral Attachment and Entry for SARS-CoV-2: Bojadzic, D., Alcazar, O., et al.; ACS Infect. Dis. 7, 1519 (2021), Abstract
- IRF-8/miR-451a regulates M-MDSC differentiation via the AMPK/mTOR signal pathway during lupus development: G. Shi, et al.; Cell Death Discov. 7, 41420 (2021), Abstract
- USP22 controls necroptosis by regulating receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 ubiquitination: J. Roedig, et al.; EMBO Rep. 2020, e50163 (2020), Application(s): WB, Abstract
- Small-Molecule i>In Vitro/i> Inhibitors of the Coronavirus Spike – ACE2 Protein-Protein Interaction as Blockers of Viral Attachment and Entry for SARS-CoV-2: Bojadzic, D., Alcazar, O., et al.; bioRxiv , (2020)
- Site-specific ubiquitination of the E3 ligase HOIP regulates apoptosis and immune signaling: Fennell, L. M., Gomez-Diaz, C., et al.; EMBO J. 39, e103303 (2020), Abstract
- CD40L membrane retention enhances the immunostimulatory effects of CD40 ligation: T. Elmetwali, et al.; Sci. Rep. 10, 342 (2020), Abstract — Full Text
- Site-specific ubiquitination of the E3 ligase HOIP regulates cell death and immune signaling: Fennell, L. M., Deszcz, L., et al.; bioRxiv , (2019)
- RIPK1 and Caspase-8 Ensure Chromosome Stability Independently of Their Role in Cell Death and Inflammation: G. Liccardi, et al.; Mol. Cell 73, 413 (2019), Abstract — Full Text
- Metformin inhibits pro-inflammatory responses via targeting nuclear factor-κB in HaCaT cells: W. Ba, et al.; Cell Biochem. Funct. 37, 4 (2019), Abstract
- Proteasome inhibition blocks necroptosis by attenuating death complex aggregation: M. Ali, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 9, 346 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- MK2 Phosphorylates RIPK1 to Prevent TNF-Induced Cell Death: I. Jaco, et al.; Mol. Cell 66, 698 (2017), Abstract — Full Text
- Cellular IAP proteins and LUBAC differentially regulate necrosome-associated RIP1 ubiquitination: M.C. de Almagro, et al.; Cell Death Dis. 6, e1800 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract — Full Text
- Deubiquitinase-based analysis of ubiquitin chain architecture using Ubiquitin Chain Restriction (UbiCRest): M.K. Hospenthal, et al.; Nat. Protoc. 10, 349 (2015), Abstract — Full Text
- Small-molecule modulators of the OX40-OX40L costimulatory protein-protein interaction: Y. Song, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 171, 4955 (2014), Abstract
- De-ubiquitinating proteases USP2a and USP2c cause apoptosis by stabilising RIP1: A.L. Mahul-Mellier, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1823, 1353 (2012), Abstract
- NF-kappaB regulates thrombin-induced ICAM-1 gene expression in cooperation with NFAT by binding to the intronic NF-kappaB site in the ICAM-1 gene: J. Xue, et al.; Physiol. Genomics 38, 42 (2009), Abstract — Full Text
- The chemokine receptor CCR7 activates in dendritic cells two signaling modules that independently regulate chemotaxis and migratory speed: L. Riol-Blanco, et al.; J. Immunol. 174, 4070 (2005), Abstract — Full Text
- BAFF production by antigen-presenting cells provides T cell co-stimulation: B. Huard, et al.; Int. Immunol. 16, 467 (2004), Abstract
- A second step of chemotaxis after transendothelial migration: keratinocytes undergoing apoptosis release IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10, monokine induced by IFN-gamma, and IFN-gamma-inducible alpha-chemoattractant for T cell chemotaxis toward epidermis in: S. Klunker, et al.; J. Immunol. 171, 1078 (2003), Abstract — Full Text
- Insulin-secreting beta-cell dysfunction induced by human lipoproteins: M.E. Roehrich, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 18368 (2003), Abstract — Full Text
- Induction of TNF receptor I-mediated apoptosis via two sequential signaling complexes: O. Micheau & J. Tschopp; Cell 114, 181 (2003), Abstract
- Conversion of membrane-bound Fas(CD95) ligand to its soluble form is associated with downregulation of its proapoptotic activity and loss of liver toxicity: P. Schneider, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 187, 1205 (1998), Abstract — Full Text
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