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PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) is a transmembrane protein important for regulating immune responses. It is a member of the CD28/CTLA-4 family of immunoreceptors and is expressed on T cells and pro-B cells suggesting it has a broad spectrum of immune regulation. PD-1 along with its two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, prevent the activation of T cells and protect tissues from autoimmune attack. PD-1 and its ligands are also involved in reduction of infectious immunity, as well as tumor immunity. PD-1 has been shown to facilitate chronic infection and tumor progression. Drugs targeting PD-1 have shown promise in treating cancer and HIV and may be important in a variety of immune related disorders.
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PD-1 Activity. PD-1 activity is in the range of 100 – 25,000 ng/ml. This was done by measuring PD-1’s ability to bind to human PD-L1 (B7-H1) that was immobilized onto magnetic beads. Briefly, PD-1 was titered into the assay, which contained PD-L1 coated magnetic beads and goat anti – human PD-1 conjugated to phycoerythrin (PE). The reactions were incubated for 1 hour at room temperature, washed 3X with PBS, and resuspended in PBS. Each reaction was analyzed by measuring median PE intensity on a BD FacsCalibur cytometer.
Western Blot Analysis. Lane 1, Molecular weight marker. Lane 2, 100ng PD-1. Probed with mouse anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody.
Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE. Lane 1, Molecular weight marker. Lane 2, 1.0 µg PD-1.
Western Blot Analysis. Lane 1, Molecular weight marker. Lane 2, 100ng PD-1. Probed with rabbit anti-FLAG polyclonal antibody.
| Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
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| Alternative Name | Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1, CD274, B7-H1, Programmed death ligand 1 |
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| Purity | ≥90% (SDS-PAGE) |
| Source | Produced in HEK cells. Human PD-L1 (aa 19-239) is fused at the N-terminus to a His-tag and FLAG®-tag. |