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TLR4 activator
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Product Details
| Activity |
Strong activator of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice. No further re-extraction required.Smooth (S)-form LPS are commonly the preferred choice for whole animal studies, whereas Rough (R)-form LPS are primarily used in cellular in vitro activation studies. |
|---|---|
| Alternative Name |
Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella minnesota R5 (Rc) |
| Couple Target |
TLR, TLR4 |
| Couple Type |
Activator, Ligand |
| Formulation |
Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
| Purity |
Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity. |
| Source |
Rough (R)-form LPS isolated and purified from Salmonella minnesota R5 (Rc mutant) by a modification of the PCP extraction method, converted to the uniform sodium salt form and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
Handling & Storage
| Use/Stability |
As indicated on product label or CoA when stored as recommended. Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C. |
|---|---|
| Handling |
Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask when handling this product! Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. LPS compounds are highly pyrogenic. Avoid accidental injection; extreme care should be taken when handling in conjunction with hypodermic syringes. Use must be restricted to qualified personnel. |
| Long Term Storage |
+4°C |
| Shipping |
Ambient Temperature |
| Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
|---|
- TGF-β regulates nerve growth factor expression in a mouse intervertebral disc injury model: Y. Yokozeki, et al.; BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 22, 12891 (2021), Abstract
- Structural definition of hSP-D recognition of Salmonella enterica LPS inner core oligosaccharides reveals alternative binding modes for the same LPS: J.R. Littlejohn, et al.; PLOS One 13, e0199175 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- B cell autophagy mediates TLR7-dependent autoimmunity and inflammation: Weindel, C. G., Richey, L. J., et al.; Autophagy 11, 1010 (2015), Abstract
- R-form LPS, the master key to the activation of TLR4/MD-2-positive cells: M. Huber, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 36, 701 (2006), Abstract
- Lipopolysaccharide regions involved in the activation of Escherichia coli outer membrane protease OmpT: R.A. Kramer, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 269, 1746 (2002), Abstract
- Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry 9, 11 (1993), Abstract
- Newer aspects of the chemistry and biology of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, with special reference to their lipid A component: C. Galanos et al.; Int. Rev. Biochemistry 14, 239 (1977)
- Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Eur. J. Biochem. 54, 603 (1975), Abstract
- A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 9, 245 (1969), Abstract
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