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TLR4 activator
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Product Details
| Activity |
Strong activator of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice. No further re-extraction required.Smooth (S)-form LPS are commonly the preferred choice for whole animal studies, whereas Rough (R)-form LPS are primarily used in cellular in vitro activation studies. |
|---|---|
| Alternative Name |
Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella abortus equi S-form |
| Couple Target |
TLR, TLR4 |
| Couple Type |
Activator, Ligand |
| Formulation |
Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
| Purity |
Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity. |
| Source |
Smooth (S)-form LPS, isolated and purified from Salmonella abortus equi by modification of the phenol water extraction and PCP method, converted to the uniform salt form and dissolved in pyrogen-free double distilled water. |
| Technical Info / Product Notes |
For the biotinylated LPS, please see Prod. No. ALX-581-150. |
Handling & Storage
| Use/Stability |
As indicated on product label or CoA when stored as recommended. Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C. |
|---|---|
| Handling |
Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask when handling this product! Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. LPS compounds are highly pyrogenic. Avoid accidental injection; extreme care should be taken when handling in conjunction with hypodermic syringes Use must be restricted to qualified personnel. Keep sterile. |
| Long Term Storage |
+4°C |
| Shipping |
Ambient Temperature |
| Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
|---|
- Bimodal Effect of NKG2A Blockade on Intratumoral and Systemic CD8 T Cell Response Induced by Cancer Vaccine: Riva, E., Carboni, S., et al.; Cancers (Basel) 16, (2024), Abstract
- Immunostimulatory activity of fluoxetine in macrophages via regulation of the PI3K and P38 signaling pathways: H.T. Önal, et al.; Immunol. Res. 71, 413 (2023), Abstract
- Voltage-Gated Proton Channel Hv1 Regulates Neuroinflammation and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease Models: M.L. Neal, et al.; Antioxidants 12, 582 (2023), Abstract
- Optimization and Characterization of Novel ALCAM-Targeting Antibody Fragments for Transepithelial Delivery: A. Bauer, et al.; Pharmaceutics 15, 1841 (2023), Abstract
- DEMOGRAPHICS TO DEFINE PEDIATRIC BURN PATIENTS AT RISK OF ADVERSE OUTCOMES: Penatzer, J. A., Wala, S. J., et al.; Shock 59, 135 (2023), Abstract
- Non-canonical anti-cancer, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory PDT potentials of water soluble phthalocyanine derivatives with imidazole groups and their intracellular mechanism of action: F. Ayaz, et al.; Photodiagnosis Photodyn. Ther. 39, 103035 (2022), Abstract
- Postmitotic differentiation of human monocytes requires cohesin-structured chromatin: J. Minderjahn, et al.; Nat. Commun. 13, 4301 (2022), Abstract
- High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) inhibition attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction and sickness-like behavior in mic: D. Ghosh, et al.; Immunol. Res. 70, 633 (2022), Abstract
- Physiological levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 induce a suppressive CD4+ T cell phenotype not reflected in the epigenetic landscape: C. Matos, et al.; Scand. J. Immunol. , e13146 (2022), Abstract
- Pharmacological inhibition of CSF1R by GW2580 reduces microglial proliferation and is protective against neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration: Neal, M. L., Fleming, S. M., et al.; FASEB J. 34, 1679 (2020), Abstract
- Restricting Glycolysis Preserves T Cell Effector Functions and Augments Checkpoint Therapy: Renner, K., Bruss, C., et al.; Cell Rep. 29, 135 (2019), Abstract
- Specific features of human monocytes activation by monophosphoryl lipid A: R. Chentouh, et al.; Sci. Rep. 8, 7096 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- Alternative microglial activation is associated with cessation of progressive dopamine neuron loss in mice systemically administered lipopolysaccharide: E.E. Beier, et al.; Neurobiol. Dis. 108, 115 (2017), Application(s): Mouse Injection, Abstract
- TLR3-mediated CD8+ dendritic cell activation is coupled with establishment of a cell-intrinsic antiviral state: L. Szèles, et al.; J. Immunol. 195, 1025 (2015), Abstract
- Mechanisms of Hypoxic Up-Regulation of Versican Gene Expression in Macrophages: F. Sotoodehnejadnematalahi, et al.; PLoS One 10, e0125799 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract — Full Text
- Lactic acid delays the inflammatory response of human monocytes: K. Peter, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 457, 412 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract
- Differential inflammatory response to inhaled lipopolysaccharide targeted either to the airways or the alveoli in man: W. Möller, et al.; PLoS One 7, e33505 (2012), Abstract — Full Text
- Chemokine Expression by Small Sputum Macrophages in COPD: M. Frankenberger, et al.; Mol. Med. 17, 762 (2011), Abstract — Full Text
- Lipopolysaccharide elicits expression of immune-related genes in the silkworm, Bombyx mori: H. Tanaka, et al.; Insect Mol. Biol. 18, 71 (2009), Abstract
- Evolution of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) recognition and signaling: fish TLR4 does not recognize LPS and negatively regulates NF-kappaB activation: M.P. Sepulcre, et al.; J. Immunol. 182, (2009), Abstract — Full Text
- Increased TNF expression in CD43++ murine blood monocytes: B. Burke, et al.; Immunol. Lett. 118, 142 (2008), Abstract
- Production of IL-12, IL-23 and IL-27p28 by bone marrow-derived conventional dendritic cells rather than macrophages after LPS/TLR4-dependent induction by Salmonella Enteritidis: S. Siegemund, et al.; Immunobiology 212, 739 (2008), Abstract
- R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells: M. Huber, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 36, 701 (2006), Abstract
- CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling: Z. Jiang, et al.; Nat. Immunol. 6, 565 (2005), Abstract
- IL-12 family members: differential kinetics of their TLR4-mediated induction by Salmonella Enteritidis and the impact of IL-10 in bone marrow-derived macrophages: N. Schuetze, et al.; Int. Immunol. 17, 649 (2005), Abstract
- Toll-like receptor 4 expression levels determine the degree of LPS-susceptibility in mice: C. Kalis, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 33, 798 (2003), Abstract
- A striking correlation between lethal activity and apoptotic DNA fragmentation of liver in response of D-galactosamine-sensitized mice to a non-lethal amount of lipopolysaccharide: B.R. Zhou, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 24, 193 (2003), Abstract — Full Text
- Oligosaccharides of Hyaluronan activate dendritic cells via toll-like receptor 4: C. Termeer, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 195, 99 (2002), Abstract — Full Text
- Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos & O. Lüderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry 9, 11 (1993), Abstract
- Preparation and properties of a standardized lipopolysaccharide from salmonella abortus equi (Novo-Pyrexal) : C. Galanos, et al.; Zentralbl. Bakteriol. [Orig. A] 243, 226 (1979), Abstract
Related Products
LPS from Salmonella abortus equi S-form (TLRGRADE®) (Ready-to-Use) (Biotin)
ALX-581-150
TLR4 activator
| Alternative Name | Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella abortus equi S-form |
|---|---|
| Couple Type | Activator, Ligand |
| Purity | Absence of dectectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity. |
Last modified: May 29, 2024
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