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Gramicidin A

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Ionophore antibiotic

Naturally occurring ion channel forming pentadecapeptide. Causes K⁺/H⁺-exchange in mitochondria in a non-voltage dependent manner.

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Appearance	White to off-white powder.
CAS	11029-61-1
Formula	C₉₉H₁₄₀N₂₀O₁₇
MI	14: 4532
MW	1882.3
Purity	≥90% (HPLC)
Purity Detail	Contaminants: ≤5% Gramicidin C (HPLC).
RTECS	MD8230000
Sequence	HCO-Val-Gly-Ala-D-Leu-Ala-D-Val-Val-D-Val-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-NHCH₂CH₂OH
Solubility	Soluble in DMSO, lower alcohols or acetic acid.
Source	Isolated from Bacillus brevis.

Use/Stability	As indicated on product label or CoA when stored as recommended.
Long Term Storage	-20°C
Shipping	Ambient Temperature

Regulatory Status	RUO – Research Use Only

The ionophore antibiotic gramicidin A inhibits pancreatic cancer stem cells associated with CD47 down-regulation: R.Q. Wang, et al.; Cancer Cell Int. 19, 145 (2019), Abstract — Full Text
Effects of gramicidin-A on the adsorption of phospholipids to the air-water interface: S.C. Biswas, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1717, 41 (2005), Abstract
Two mechanisms of H+/OH- transport across phospholipid vesicular membrane facilitated by gramicidin A: B.S. Prabhananda & M.H. Kombrabail; Biophys. J. 71, 3091 (1996), Abstract
Palmitoylation-induced conformational changes of specific side chains in the gramicidin transmembrane channel: R.E. Koeppe, 2nd, et al.; Biochemistry 34, 9299 (1995), Abstract
The permeation properties of small organic cations in gramicidin A channels: S.A. Seoh & D. Busath; Biophys. J. 64, 1017 (1993), Abstract
Purification of gramicidin A: C.J. Stankovic, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 184, 100 (1990), Abstract

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