Adenylate cyclase activator
- Cell-permeable, potent, reversile, and rapid activator of adenylate cyclase
- Compound used to study the role of cAMP as secondary messenger
- Highly cited
Forskolin is naturally produced by the Coleus plant, Coleus forskohlii. Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase by directly interacting with the catalytic unit of the enzyme leading to an increase in the intracellular concentration of cAMP. Forskolin is a widely used tool for the investigation of the role of cAMP as a second messenger with a broad range of potential therapeutic applications. Forskolin is a ionotropic agent and vasodilator. Forskolin also reduces platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, inhibits ion channels by a mechanism that does not involve cAMP, inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and induces neuronal differentiation in stem cells and several neuroblastoma.
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Product Details
Alternative Name |
Coleonol, Colforsin |
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Appearance |
White solid. |
CAS |
66575-29-9 |
Couple Target |
Adenylate cyclase |
Couple Type |
Activator |
Formula |
C22H34O7 |
MI |
14: 2476 |
MW |
410.5 |
Purity |
≥97% (HPLC, TLC) |
Solubility |
Soluble in anhydrous DMSO (5mg/ml), 100% ethanol (6mg/ml), or ethyl acetate (10mg/ml). DMSO is the recommended solvent for activation of cAMP. |
Source |
Isolated from Coleus forskohlii. |
Handling & Storage
Use/Stability |
As indicated on product label or CoA when stored as recommended. Stock solutions in DMSO are stable for up to 4 months when stored at +4°C. Do not dissolve in ethanol, which inhibits forskolin activation of adenylate cyclase. |
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Long Term Storage |
-20°C |
Shipping |
Ambient Temperature |
Regulatory Status |
RUO – Research Use Only |
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- Chronic degenerative failure of salivary glands can be reversed through restoring mitochondrial function: Li, J., Tan, L. X., et al.; bioRxiv , (2025)
- Modulation of host signalling pathways reveal a major role for Wnt signalling in the maturation ofPlasmodium falciparumliver schizonts: Kanyal, A., van Gemert, G., et al.; bioRxiv , (2024)
- Monocytic MDSCs exhibit superior immune suppression via adenosine and depletion of adenosine improves efficacy of immunotherapy: O.S. Sarkar, et al.; Sci. Adv. 9, eadg3736 (2023), Abstract
- Role of Roflumilast combined with ESHAP chemotherapy in relapsed/refractory patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: D.Y. Kim, et al.; Cancer Res. Treat. 54, 301 (2022), Abstract — Full Text
- Aβ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in neural progenitors controls KDM5A to influence neuronal differentiation: D.K. Kim, et al.; Exp. Mol. Med. 54, 1461 (2022), Abstract — Full Text
- Activation of GPR37 in macrophages confers protection against infection-induced sepsis and pain-like behaviour in mice: S. Bang, et al.; Nat. Commun. 12, 1704 (2021), Abstract — Full Text
- Magnetically actuated microrobots as a platform for stem cell transplantation: Jeon, S., Kim, S., et al.; Sci. Robot. 4, (2019), Abstract
- NFIA regulates granule recruitment and exocytosis in the adult pancreas: Scavuzzo, M. A., Chmielowiec, J., et al.; bioRxiv , (2019)
- Role of cyclooxygenase-2-mediated prostaglandin E2-prostaglandin E receptor 4 signaling in cardiac reprogramming: Muraoka, N., Nara, K., et al.; Nat. Commun. 10, 674 (2019), Abstract
- Selective suppression and recall of long-term memories in Drosophila: D. Siegenthaler, et al.; Sci. Rep. 17, e3000400 (2019), Abstract — Full Text
- Functional characterization reveals that zebrafish CFTR prefers to occupy closed channel conformations: J. Zhang, et al.; PLoS One 13, e0209862 (2018), Abstract — Full Text
- Escherichia coli O157: H7 suppresses host autophagy and promotes epithelial adhesion via Tir-mediated and cAMP-independent activation of protein kinase A: Y. Xue, et al.; Cell Death Discov. 3, 17055 (2017), Abstract
- Cilostamide and forskolin treatment during pre-IVM improves preimplantation development of cloned embryos by influencing meiotic progression and gap junction communication in pigs: B. Park, et al.; Theriogenology 86, 757 (2016), Abstract
- Serum Amyloid A3 Secreted by Preosteoclasts Inhibits Parathyroid Hormone-Stimulated cAMP Signaling in Murine Osteoblasts: S. Choudhary, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 291, 3882 (2016), Application(s): Cell culture, Abstract — Full Text
- Phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ ties chemoattractant- and adrenergic control of microglial motility: N. Schneble, et al.; Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 78, 1 (2016), Abstract
- Resveratrol suppresses NTHi-induced inflammation via up-regulation of the negative regulator MyD88 short: Andrews, C. S., Matsuyama, S., et al.; Sci. Rep. 6, 34445 (2016), Abstract
- Different methods for inducing adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into Schwann-like cells: S. Gao, et al.; Arch. Med. Sci. 11, 886 (2015), Application(s): Cell Induction, Abstract — Full Text
- Cross-talk between PKA-Cβ and p65 mediates synergistic induction of PDE4B by roflumilast and NTHi: S. Susuki-Miyata, et al.; PNAS 112, E1800 (2015), Application(s): Pretreatment, Abstract — Full Text
- The mixed-action delta/mu opioid agonst MMP-2200 does not produce conditioned place preference but does maintain drug self-administration in rats, and induces in vitro markers of tolerance and dependence: G.W. Stevenson, et al.; Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 132, 49 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture, Abstract
- Mechanism of Toona sinensis-stimulated adrenal steroidogenesis in primary rat adrenal cells: Y.C. Chen, et al.; J. Funct. Foods 14, 318 (2015), Application(s): Cell Culture
- Hydrogen peroxide stimulation of CFTR reveals an Epac-mediated, soluble AC-dependent cAMP amplification pathway common to GPCR signalling: P. Ivonnet, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 172, 173 (2015), Abstract — Full Text
- Loss of Slc26a9 anion transporter alters intestinal electrolyte and HCO3(-) transport and reduces survival in CFTR-deficient mice: Liu, X., Li, T., et al.; Pflugers Arch. 467, 1261 (2015), Abstract
- cAMP and EPAC Signaling Functionally Replace OCT4 During Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Reprogramming: A.L. Fritz, et al.; Mol. Ther. 23, 952 (2015), Abstract — Full Text
- Identification of plumericin as a potent new inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway with anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo: N. Fakhrudin, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 171, 1676 (2014), Abstract — Full Text
- CXCL4L1 and CXCL4 signaling in human lymphatic and microvascular endothelial cells and activated lymphocytes: involvement of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, Src and p70S6 kinase: K. Van Raemdonck, et al.; Angiogenesis 17, 631 (2014), Abstract
- Phosphorylation of ABCB4 impacts its function: insights from disease-causing mutations: J. Gautherot, et al.; Hepatology 60, 610 (2014), Abstract
- Adenomatous polyposis coli regulates oligodendroglial development: J. Lang, et al.; J. Neurosci. 33, 3113 (2013), Abstract — Full Text
- Signaling pathways controlling the phosphorylation state of WAVE1, a regulator of actin polymerization: Ceglia, I., Kim, Y., et al.; J. Neurochem. 114, 182 (2010), Abstract
- Effects of sex and estrogen on chicken ductus arteriosus reactivity: Flinsenberg, T. W., van der Sterren, S., et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 298, R1217 (2010), Abstract
- The switch of intestinal Slc26 exchangers from anion absorptive to HCOFormula secretory mode is dependent on CFTR anion channel function: Singh, A. K., Riederer, B., et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 298, C1057 (2010), Abstract
- Modulatory role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in gastric acid secretion: Mettler, S. E., Ghayouri, S., et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 293, G532 (2007), Abstract
- Effect of forskolin on the expression of claudin-5 in human trophoblast BeWo cells: M. Harada, et al.; Pharmazie 62, 291 (2007), Abstract
- Forskolin as a tool for examining adenylyl cyclase expression, regulation, and G protein signaling: P.A. Insel & R.S. Ostrom; Cell Mol. Neurobiol. 23, 305 (2003), Review, Abstract
- The effect of forskolin on blood flow, platelet metabolism, aggregation and ATP release: J.T. Christenson, et al.; Vasa 24, 56 (1995), Abstract
- Forskolin acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: M.L. Aylwin & M.M. White; Mol. Pharmacol. 41, 908 (1992), Abstract
- Forskolin: a specific stimulator of adenylyl cyclase or a diterpene with multiple sites of action?: A. Laurenza, et al.; Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 10, 442 (1989), Review, Abstract
- Effect of forskolin on cytosolic Ca++ level and contraction in vascular smooth muscle: A. Abe & H. Karaki; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 249, 895 (1989), Abstract
- Use of forskolin to study the relationship between cyclic AMP formation and bone resorption in vitro: U.H. Lerner, et al.; Biochem. J. 240, 529 (1986), Abstract
- Forskolin: its biological and chemical properties: K.B. Seamon & J.W. Daly; Adv. Cyclic Nucleotide Protein Phosphorylation Res. 20, 1 (1986), Abstract
- Forskolin and antidiuretic hormone stimulate a Ca2+-activated K+ channel in cultured kidney cells: S.E. Guggino, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 249, F448 (1985), Abstract
- Pharmacology and inotropic potential of forskolin in the human heart: M.R. Bristow, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 74, 212 (1984), Abstract
- Forskolin: a labdane diterpenoid with antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and adenylate cyclase activating properties: N.J. de Souza, et al.; Med. Res. Rev. 3, 201 (1983), Abstract
- Forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase, increases CA2+-dependent electrical activity induced by glucose in mouse pancreatic B cells: J.C. Henquin, et al.; Endocrinology 112, 2218 (1983), Abstract
- Inhibition of forskolin-activated adenylate cyclase by ethanol and other solvents: R. D. Huang, et al.; J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 8, 385 (1982), Abstract
- Forskolin: a unique diterpene activator of cyclic AMP-generating systems: K.B. Seamon & J.W. Daly; J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 7, 201 (1981), Review, Abstract
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CAS | 37839-81-9 |
Couple Type | Activator |
Purity | ≥98% (HPLC) |
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