EMPO

ALX-430-098

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Spin trapping reagent

Beside DEPMPO (Prod. No. ALX-430-093), most efficient spin trap for the in vitro and in vivo detection of O-, N-, S-, and C-centered free radicals. Has a longer life-time than DMPO (Prod. No. ALX-430-090).

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EMPO Spectrum — Spectrum of the (O^2-) – EMPO adduct.

Product Details

Alternative Name	2-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxide
Appearance	Colorless to light yellow oil.
Formula	C₈H₁₃NO₃
Identity	Determined by NMR.
MW	171.2
Purity	≥95% (HPLC)
Solubility	Soluble in water, DMSO, ethanol or dichloromethane.

Handling & Storage

Use/Stability	As indicated on product label or CoA when stored as recommended. Store solutions at -20°C.
Handling	Protect from light. Hygroscopic.
Short Term Storage	-20°C
Long Term Storage	-80°C
Shipping	Blue Ice

Regulatory Status	RUO – Research Use Only

Menaquinone biosynthesis potentiates haem toxicity in Staphylococcus aureus: Wakeman, C. A., Hammer, N. D., et al.; Mol. Microbiol. 86, 1376 (2012), Abstract
EPR detection of cellular and mitochondrial superoxide using cyclic hydroxylamines: S.I. Dikalov, et al.; Free Rad. Res. 45, 417 (2011), Abstract
Measurement of reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular studies: S. Dikalov, et al.; Hypertension 49, 717 (2007), Abstract
Mitochondrial redox cycling of mitoquinone leads to superoxide production and cellular apoptosis: A.K. Doughan & S.I Dikalov; Antioxid. Redox Signal. 9, 1825 (2007), Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate induces complex redox alterations in mesangial cells: A.K. Gelasco & J.R. Raymond; Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 290, F1551 (2006), Abstract
Spin trapping of C- and O-centered radicals with methyl-, ethyl-, pentyl-, and phenyl-substituted EMPO derivatives: K. Stolze, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14, 3368 (2006), Abstract
The line asymmetry of electron spin resonance spectra as a tool to determine the cis:trans ratio for spin-trapping adducts of chiral pyrrolines N-oxides: the mechanism of formation of hydroxyl radical adducts of EMPO, DEPMPO, and DIPPMPO: M. Culcasi, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 40, 1524 (2006), Abstract
Cytotoxicity of novel derivatives of the spin trap EMPO: N. Rohr-Udilova, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16, 541 (2005), Abstract
Interactions of peroxynitrite with uric acid in the presence of ascorbate and thiols: implications for uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase: N. Kuzkaya, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 70, 343 (2005), Abstract
Spin adduct formation from lipophilic EMPO-derived spin traps with various oxygen- and carbon-centered radicals: K. Stolze, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 69, 297 (2005), Abstract

Related Products

DMPO

ALX-430-090

Spin trapping reagent

48 citations

Alternative Name	5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide, 2,2-Dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole 1-oxide
CAS	3317-61-1
Purity	>98% (HPLC)

DEPMPO

ALX-430-093

Spin trapping reagent

37 citations

Alternative Name	5-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide, 2-Diethylphosphono-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole 1-oxide, (2-Methyl-3,4-dihydro-1-oxide-2H-pyrrol-2-yl)diethylphosphonate
CAS	157230-67-6
Purity	≥99% (TLC)

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EMPO

ALX-430-098

Product Details

Handling & Storage

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