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MITO-ID® Membrane Potential Kits (ENZ-51018, ENZ-51019) measures mitochondrial membrane potential with a cationic dye dual-emission dye that exists as green fluorescent monomers in the cytosol, and accumulates as orange fluorescent aggregates in the mitochondria. Mitochondria having a low membrane potential will accumulate low concentrations of dye and will exhibit green fluorescence while more highly polarized mitochondria will exhibit orange-red fluorescence. Cells exhibit a shift from orange to green fluorescence as mitochondrial function becomes increasingly compromised. In other terms, in energized cells, the MITO-ID® membrane potential dye exists as a green fluorescent monomer in the cytosol and also accumulates as orange fluorescent aggregates in the mitochondria. However, in cells with compromised mitochondrial membrane potential, the MITO-ID® membrane potential dye exists primarily as green fluorescent monomers throughout the cytosol and no longer exhibits orange fluorescence in the mitochondria.