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BML-AK555 is a drug discovery kit intended for screening potential activators or inhibitors of the recombinant SIRT1 provided in the kit. It is not designed to measure the activity of SIRT1 from biological samples, nor is the kit appropriate for that purpose. If the end goal is to measure SIRT1 activity in biological samples, a completely different approach will be required. The only alternative for detecting SIRT1 activity in biological samples is a modified version of BML-AK500. The substrate in this kit is deacetylated by a variety of class I and class II HDACs, but SIRT1 is the only class III HDAC that has good activity with this substrate. Thus, by pre-treating samples with trichostatin A (TSA) to inhibit class I and class II HDACs, all remaining activity can be attributed to SIRT1. Please note that a number of additional reagents need to be provided such as TSA (BML-GR309), NAD (BML-KI282), SIRT1 positive (resveratrol (BML-FR104)) and negative (nicotinamide (BML-KI283) and suramin sodium (ALX-430-022)) controls. Optimization will have to be done by the customer if aiming to use BML-AK500 in this way (Howitz et al. (2003)).